In order to study the changing trend of stainless steel smelting process, the production processes of 300 series stainless steel are summarized. According to the different raw material constitution, there are three type processes widely applied to produce 300 series stainless steel. Based on the analysis of production data, the characteristics of three smelting processes, the adaptability of raw materials and the technical and economic indexes are compared and analyzed, and the cost differences of different processes are calculated. The results show that in the melting process, the intermediate frequency induction furnace process has a cost advantage. Compared with induction furnace, the main function of the electric furnace is that its material adaptability is relatively better, the slag and steel can be melted, and the phosphorous in raw material can be removed to a certain extent. This can provide the reference for the selection and optimization of the 300 series stainless steel smelting process.