Evolution mechanism and key control processes of inclusions in high carbon chromium bearing steel during whole process
LIU Hongbo1, LIU Ying1, XIE Rongyuan2, ZHANG Caidong1, CHE Xiaorui1, LI Min1, GAO Peng3, TIAN Zhiqiang1, ZHANG Jie4
1. Material Technology Research Institute, HBIS Group, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China; 2. HBIS Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050100, Hebei, China; 3. Shisteel Company, HBIS Group, Shijiazhuang 050199, Hebei, China; 4. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract：To study the evolution of inclusions in GCr15 bearing steel, the Aztec-Feature inclusion automatic software configured with Zeiss Ultra55 scanning electron microscope was used to statistically analyze samples in EAF-LF-RH-CC each process with over 200 mm2 scanning area. The evolution of inclusion morphology, composition, quantity, size and distribution, etc. in each process was analyzed. The result indicates that, the main inclusions in GCr15 bearing steel are mainly Al2O3 in EAF exit. In the LF refining process, the main inclusions are MgO-Al2O3 and Al2O3-MgO-CaO with a little CaO. After RH start, the content of CaO in the inclusions increases, forming Al2O3-CaO-MgO inclusions. Finally, the average composition of inclusions in the tundish is 56Al2O3-22CaO-7MgO-8CaS. At the same time, the LF-RH refining stage and the early stage of RH soft blowing have significant removal effect on inclusions in steel, with removal rate of 95.6%. However, with the increase of RH soft blowing time, it has little effect on the removal of T[O] and [N] in the steel, and even large inclusions may be involved, leading to T[O] and average size of inclusions increase. According to the calculation of FactSage equilibrium thermodynamics, when w(T[O])=7×10-6,w([Mg])≥0.4×10-6 and w([Ca])≥0.16×10-6 in GCr15 bearing steel liquid, magnesium aluminum spinel and solid calcium aluminate inclusions can be generated respectively. The research results provide theoretical guidance and reference to the production of bearing steel.
刘洪波, 刘颖, 谢荣圆, 张彩东, 车晓锐, 李民, 高鹏, 田志强, 张杰. 高碳铬轴承钢全流程夹杂物演变机理及关键控制工艺[J]. 中国冶金, 2024, 34(2): 117-125.
LIU Hongbo, LIU Ying, XIE Rongyuan, ZHANG Caidong, CHE Xiaorui, LI Min, GAO Peng, TIAN Zhiqiang, ZHANG Jie. Evolution mechanism and key control processes of inclusions in high carbon chromium bearing steel during whole process[J]. China Metallurgy, 2024, 34(2): 117-125.
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2024, Vol. 34 
