Research status and trend of aluminum melt purification
QIU Yao-heng1, CHEN Chao-yi1,2, LI Jun-qi1,2, WANG Lin-zhu1,2, LAN Yuan-pei1,2, ZHAO Fei1,2
1. College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; 2. Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering and Process Energy Saving, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
Abstract：Before casting and deformation processing of aluminum and aluminum alloy materials, the purity of aluminum melt has great influence on the subsequent aluminum properties. Therefore, the efficient, energy-saving and environmental-friendly degassing and purification method has become research hotspot. Common pollution forms in aluminum melt and conventional purification methods of aluminum melt are reviewed, and research status of aluminum melt purification is summarized. The gas injection method has strict requirements on melt fluidity and bubble uniformity and dispersion. The flux method requires better separation of slag to avoid residue in the melt. The filtration method has low efficiency for small inclusions. In order to ensure the purification effects, the combination of conventional methods can often obtain better purification effects after optimizing the melt flow conditions. Although the requirements for production equipment are high, the combination of various purification methods is still the development trend of aluminum melt purification. To optimize the process of aluminum melt purification, degassing and impurity removal in industrial production, it is necessary to analyze the specific problems of the enterprise itself.
裘尧衡, 陈朝轶, 李军旗, 王林珠, 兰苑培, 赵飞. 铝熔体净化研究现状与趋势[J]. 中国冶金, 2023, 33(4): 9-16.
QIU Yao-heng, CHEN Chao-yi, LI Jun-qi, WANG Lin-zhu, LAN Yuan-pei, ZHAO Fei. Research status and trend of aluminum melt purification[J]. China Metallurgy, 2023, 33(4): 9-16.
Reboul M C,Baroux B. Metallurgical aspects of corrosion resistance of aluminium alloys[J]. Materials and Corrosion,2011,62(3):215.
[2]
毕诗文. 氧化铝生产工艺[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[3]
邓运来,张新明. 铝及铝合金材料进展[J]. 中国有色金属学报,2019,29(9):2115.
[4]
LIU Shun-ke,ZHU Xiao-yun,LONG Jin-ming. Sintering mechanism of electronic aluminum paste and its effect on electrical conductivity of aluminum electrode[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,2022,139:106352.
PENG Ning,LIANG Li-bo,WEN Yu-qing. Effects of silicone oil additives on hydrogen adsorption and tunnel formation of aluminium foil[J]. Corrosion Science,2020,176:109039.
WAN He-li,XU Bao-qiang,YANG Bin,et al. The impurities distribution and purification efficiency of high-purity aluminum preparation by zone melting in vacuum[J]. Vacuum, 2020,171:108839.
[13]
Viardin A,Böttger B,Apel M. Phase field assisted analysis of a solidification based metal refinement process[J]. Materials Theory,2022,6(1):1.
Zerbst U,Madia M,Klinger C,et al. Defects as a root cause of fatigue failure of metallic components II:Non-metallic inclusions[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2019,98:228.
[26]
郭春和. 铸造铝合金熔液的净化技术[J]. 机械工人(热加工),2003(10):57.
[27]
石伯承. 铝合金连续净化过程中夹杂物变化规律的研究[D]. 兰州:兰州理工大学,2012.
[28]
Gökelma M,Aarnaes T,Maier J,et al. Behavior of Al4C3 particles during flotation and sedimentation in aluminum melts[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2021,52(2):743.
[29]
Fugane Y,Kashiwakura S,Wagatsuma K. Rapid detection of inclusion particles in recycled aluminum materials by laser-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry with scanning laser beam[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces,2020,20:100602.
[30]
Yang J,Bao S,Akhtar S,et al. The interactions between oxide film inclusions and inoculation particles TiB2 in aluminum melt[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2021,52(4):2497.
[31]
WANG F,FAN Z. Characterization of AlN inclusion particles formed in commercial purity aluminum[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2019,50(5):2519.
Gaustad G,Olivetti E,Kirchain R. Removal of impurity elements from molten aluminum:A review[J]. Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2012,58:79.
[37]
LI Qiang,HE Ke-zhun,WU Ni,et al. Purification of aluminum melt in crucibles by bubble flotation[J]. Procedia Manufacturing,2019,37:438.
[38]
Lazaro-Nebreda J,Patel J B,Fan Z. Improved degassing efficiency and mechanical properties of A356 aluminium alloy castings by high shear melt conditioning (HSMC) technology[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2021,294:117146.
[39]
Zhang Li-feng,Lv Xue-wei,Torgerson A T,et al. Removal of impurity elements from molten aluminum:A review[J]. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review,2011,32(3):150.
[40]
Saternus M,Merder T. Physical modeling of the impeller construction impact on the aluminum refining process[J]. Materials,2022,15(2):575.
[41]
SHI Ming,LI Ying. Performance improvement in aluminum alloy treated by salt flux with different fluorides[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2022,31(9):1.
[42]
WAN Bing-bing,LI Wen-fang,LIU Fang-fang,et al. Determination of fluoride component in the multifunctional refining flux used for recycling aluminum scrap[J]. Integrative Medicine Research,2020,9:3447.
[43]
许朋朋. 熔剂净化特性研究及其在A356铝切屑回收中的应用[D]. 福州:福州大学,2016.
[44]
陈发勤. 铝合金新型复合熔体精炼剂制备及应用研究[D]. 南昌:南昌大学,2011.
[45]
官可湘,李洁,倪大兴. 铝及铝合金熔体净化剂研究进展[J]. 化学世界,2007(6):370.
[46]
LI Cong,LI Jian-guo,MAO Yi-zhe,et al. Mechanism to remove oxide inclusions from molten aluminum by solid fluxes refining method[J]. China Foundry,2017,14(4):233.
[47]
WU L,LIU K,ZHOU Y,et al. Predicting the thermodynamics of aluminum dross denitrification of flue gas[J]. Calphad,2021,74:102315.
Voigt C,Dietrich B,Badowski M,et al. Impact of the filter roughness on the filtration efficiency for aluminum melt filtration[M]. San Antonio:Light Metals 2019,2019.
[51]
Damoah L N W,Zhang L. Removal of inclusions from aluminum through filtration[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2010,41(4):886.
[52]
Yang J,Bao S,Akhtar S,et al. The influences of grain refiner,inclusion level,and filter grade on the filtration performance of aluminum melt[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2021,52(6):3946.
[53]
兰文兰. 综述原铝精炼提纯工艺技术[J]. 轻金属,2012(6):28.
[54]
Lu X,Zhang Z,Hiraki T,et al. A solid-state electrolysis process for upcycling aluminium scrap[J]. Nature,2022,606:511.
WAN H,KONG L,YANG B,et al. Zone melting under vacuum purification method for high-purity aluminum[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2022,17:802.
[62]
Riedel E,Köhler P,Ahmed M,et al. Industrial suitable and digitally recordable application of ultrasound for the environmentally friendly degassing of aluminium melts before tilt casting[J]. Procedia CIRP,2021,98:589.
Simensen C J. The effect of melt refining upon inclusions in aluminum[J]. Metallurgical Transactions B,1982,13(1):31.
[65]
吴锡坤. 铝型材加工实用技术手册[M]. 长沙:中南大学出版社,2006.
[66]
Szekely A G. The removal of solid particles from molten aluminum in the spinning nozzle inert flotation process[J]. Metallurgy Material Transaction B,1976,7(2):259.
SHI Yu-hong,JIANG Ze-yi,ZHANG Xin-xin. Effect of the incidence angle of molten aluminum on refinery gas distribution in the on-line MINT technology[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering,2009,31(12):1531.
[69]
刘昕怡. 基于LARS技术的再生铝合金锭生产线设计[D]. 长沙:中南大学,2008.
[70]
向凌霄. 原铝及其合金的熔炼与铸造[M]. 北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.
[71]
杨璐. 铝熔体在线精炼净化设备现状及发展[J]. 铝加工,2022(4):3.
[72]
NI H,SUN B,JIANG H,et al. Effects of rotating impeller degassing on microstructure and mechanical properties of the A356 scraps[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2003,352(1):294.
[73]
XU X,LI J,DONG Z,et al. Multiphase modelling of the continuous metallurgical purification process for impurity removing of recycled aluminum[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2022,18:830.
[74]
SUN B,DING W,SHU D,et al. Purification technology of molten aluminum[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2004,11(2):134.
[75]
马玉娇. 铝合金复合精炼技术研究[D]. 沈阳:沈阳理工大学,2016.
[76]
SHI D,DU Z,WANG A,et al. Motion and mass transfer models for single bubble in an aluminum melt under a compound field of ultrasonic and rotating flow[J]. Results in Physics,2020,19:103386.
2023, Vol. 33 
