Development status and prospect of flue gas recirculation sintering process under current situation
CHEN Fusong1, YUAN Yaqiang1, KANG Hongyi1, PANG Zhuogang1, GUO Hao2, GAO Yan3, ZUO Haibin1
1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. MCC Capital Engineering Research Incorporation Limited, Beijing 100176, China; 3. Hebei Province Low Carbon Metallurgy and Process Control Technology Innovation Center, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei, China
Abstract:Currently, the production requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction in China's steel industry are becoming increasingly strict. Collaborative treatment of pollution and carbon reduction has become a new direction for industry development, especially in the sintering process, which has problems such as high solid fuel consumption and large emissions of various pollutants. The flue gas recirculating sintering process has the advantages of reducing solid fuel consumption and reducing pollutant emissions. Therefore, the generation mechanism of various pollutants in sintering flue gas, the removal mechanism after flue gas recirculation sintering, and the impact of changes in each component of the recirculating flue gas on sintering production are summarized, so as to explain the technical principle of flue gas recirculation sintering process and provide theoretical support for the reasonable application of flue gas recirculation sintering process. At the same time, a systematic summary is also conducted on the application effects and existing problems of typical processes at home and abroad. Based on the principle of flue gas recirculation sintering process and the emission law of main components in sintering flue gas, it is concluded that the refined selective flue gas recirculation process can achieve efficient energy conservation and emission reduction. Finally, based on current situation of further increasing demand for pollution reduction and carbon reduction, a feasible plan for the future progress of flue gas recirculation sintering process is proposed, providing reference for the widespread application and optimization improvement of this process in sintering production.
陈富松, 袁亚强, 康宏毅, 庞焯刚, 郭豪, 高彦, 左海滨. 当前形势下烟气循环烧结工艺发展现状及展望[J]. 中国冶金, 2024, 34(2): 21-34.
CHEN Fusong, YUAN Yaqiang, KANG Hongyi, PANG Zhuogang, GUO Hao, GAO Yan, ZUO Haibin. Development status and prospect of flue gas recirculation sintering process under current situation[J]. China Metallurgy, 2024, 34(2): 21-34.
王海风,平晓东,周继程,等. 中国钢铁工业绿色发展回顾及展望[J]. 钢铁,2023,58(2):8. (WANG H F,PING X D,ZHOU J C,et al. Review and prospect of green development for Chinese steel industry[J]. Iron and Steel,2023,58(2):8.)
[2]
景涛,肖业俭,周志安,等. 基于测试的烟气循环烧结工艺[J]. 中国冶金,2016,26(9):42.(JING T,XIAO Y J,ZHOU Z A,et al. Process of flue gas circulation sintering based on test[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(9):42.)
[3]
WANG K,TIAN H,HUA S,et al. A comprehensive emission inventory of multiple air pollutants from iron and steel industry in China:Temporal trends and spatial variation characteristics[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,559:7.
[4]
中华人民共和国生态环境部. 中国环境统计年鉴(2021)[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社,2021.(Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China. China Environmental Statistical Yearbook (2021) [M]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2021.)
[5]
TANG L,XUE X,JIA M,et al. Iron and steel industry emissions and contribution to the air quality in China[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2020,237(8):117668.
[6]
张建良,尉继勇,刘征建,等. 中国钢铁工业空气污染物排放现状及趋势[J]. 钢铁,2021,56(12):1.(ZHANG J L,YU J Y,LIU Z J,et al. Current situation and trend of air pollutant emission in China's steel industry[J]. Iron and Steel,2021,56(12):1.)
[7]
吕国红. 钢铁行业大气污染物减排方法分析[J]. 化工管理,2022,(30):38.(LÜ G H. Analysis of air pollutant emission reduction method in iron and steel industry[J]. Chemical Management,2022,(30):38.)
[8]
COUDON T,DANJOU A M N,FAURE E,et al. Development and performance evaluation of a GIS-based metric to assess exposure to airborne pollutant emissions from industrial sources[J]. Environmental Health,2019,18(1):1.
[9]
王新东,侯长江,田京雷. 钢铁行业烟气多污染物协同控制技术应用实践[J]. 过程工程学报,2020,20(9):997.(WANG X D,HOU C J,TIAN J L,et al. Application and practice of multi-pollutant cooperative control technology for flue gas in iron and steel industry[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2020,20(9):997.)
[10]
李杰,郝鑫涛,赵欣锋,等. 烧结烟气中CO与NO的协同控制研究进展[J]. 中国冶金,2023,33(8):17.(LI J,HAO X T,ZHAO X F,et al. Research progress on synergistic control of CO and NO in sintering flue gas[J]. China Metallurgy,2023,33(8):17.)
[11]
李建军,邵雁,熊劲,等. 烧结工序节能减排技术研究综述[J]. 烧结球团,2022,47(5):95.(LI J J,SHAO Y,XIONG J,et al. Research review on energy saving and emission reduction technology in sintering process[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2022,47(5):95.)
[12]
FAN X,WONG G,GAN M,et al. Establishment of refined sintering flue gas recirculation patterns for gas pollutant reduction and waste heat recycling[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2019,235:1549.
[13]
林文龙,张玉柱,刘超,等. 烧结烟气污染物治理工艺研究进展[J]. 环境工程,2023,41(6):248.(LIN W L,ZHANG Y Z,LIU C,et al. Advances in research on sintering flue gas pollutants' treatment processes[J]. Environmental Engineering,2023,41(6):248.)
[14]
郄俊懋,张春霞,王海风,等. 铁矿烧结烟气污染物治理趋势及协同治理工艺分析[J]. 环境工程,2016,34(10):80.(QIE J M,ZHANG C X,WANG H F,et al. Treatment tendency and synergetic treatment process analysis of iron ore sintering flue gas pollutants[J]. Environmental Engineering,2016,34(10):80.)
[15]
韩加友,洪建国,张玉文. 烧结烟气臭氧氧化-半干法吸收脱硫脱硝实践[J]. 中国冶金,2019,29(11):76.(HAN J Y,HONG J G,ZHANG Y W,et al. Practice of desulfurzation and denitrition of sintering waste gas with method of ozone oxidation and semi-dry absorption[J]. China Metallurgy,2019,29(11):76.)
[16]
龙红明,丁龙,陶家杰,等. 烧结烟气脱硝废弃钒钨钛催化剂资源化利用途径分析[J]. 钢铁,2022,57(7):162.(LONG H M,DING L,TAO J J,et al. Analysis on resource utilization of spent V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst produced in sintering flue gas[J]. Iron and Steel,2022,57(7):162.)
[17]
FAN X H,YU Z Y,GAN M,et al. Flue gas recirculation in iron ore sintering process[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,201,43(6):403.
[18]
KANG Y,LIU C,ZHANG Y Z,et al. Flue gas circulating sintering based on biomass fuel on reduction of NOx and SO2 emission[J]. ISIJ International,2020,60(8):1633.
[19]
李文林,刘臣. 烟气循环与梯级富氧耦合烧结技术分析[J]. 烧结球团,2022,47(4):99.(LI W L,LIU C. Analysis on sintering technology of flue gas circulation coupled with step oxygen enrichment[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2022,47(4):99.)
[20]
郄俊懋. 基于铁矿烧结物料调控的SO2和NOx协同减排规律研究[D]. 北京科技大学,2019.(QIE J M. Study on the Law of Synergy Treatment of SO2 and NOx in Iron Ore Sintering Process Based on the Adjustment of Iron Ore Sintering Materials[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Science and Technology,2019.)
[21]
赵欣锋,齐西伟,张遵乾,等. 烧结烟气中NOx减排进展[J]. 钢铁,2022,57(11):175.(ZHAO X F,QI X W,ZHANG Z Q,et al. Progress and exploration of NOxemission reduction in sintering flue gas[J]. Iron and Steel,2022,57(11):175.)
[22]
曲英,蔡开科. 钢铁工业环境意识的评论[J]. 中国冶金,2002,(4):25.(QU Y,CAI K K. Comment on environmental protection consciousness in iron and steel industry[J]. China Metallurgy,2002,(4):25.)
[23]
岑可法. 高等燃烧学[M]. 杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.(CEN K F. Advanced Combustion Science[M]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,2002.)
[24]
MORIOKA K,INABA S,SHIMIZU M,et al. Primary application of the 'In-bed-deNOx' process using Ca-Fe oxides in iron ore sintering machines[J]. ISIJ International,2000,40(3):280.
[25]
NAKANO M,YAMAKAWA T,HAYAKAWA N,et al. Effects of metallic iron bearing resources on iron ore sintering[J]. ISIJ International,1998,38(1):16.
[26]
HU C Q,ZHANG C X,HAN X W,et al. Sulfur flow analysis for new generation steel manufacturing process[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2008,15(4):12.
[27]
LIU X,LUO Z,YU C,et al. Conversion mechanism of fuel-N during pyrolysis of biomass wastes[J]. Fuel,2019,246:42.
[28]
YANG X,LUO Z,YAN B,et al. Evaluation on nitrogen conversion during biomass torrefaction and its blend co-combustion with coal[J]. Bioresource Technology,2021,336:125309.
[29]
裴元东,廖继勇,张俊杰,等. 铁矿粉烧结过程CO减排探讨[J]. 烧结球团,2019,44(1):69.(PEI Y D,LIAO J Y,ZHANG J J,et al. Discussion on CO emission reduction in iron ore fines sintering process[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2019,44(1):69.)
[30]
龙红明,吴雪健,李家新,等. 烧结过程二噁英的生成机理与减排途径[J]. 烧结球团,2016,41(3):46.(LONG H M,WU X J,LI J X,et al. Formation mechanism of dioxins in sintering process and their emission reduction approaches[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2016,41(3):46.)
[31]
苍大强,魏汝飞,张玲玲,等. 钢铁工业烧结过程二噁英的产生机理与减排研究进展[J]. 钢铁,2014,49(8):1.(CANG D Q,WEI R F,ZHANG L L,et al. Formation mechanism and emission reduction of PCDD/Fs in iron ore sintering[J]. Iron and Steel,2014,49(8):1.)
[32]
杨红博,李咸伟,俞勇梅,等. 热风烧结对二噁英生成的影响研究[J]. 烧结球团,2011,36(1):47.(YANG H B,LI X W,YU Y M,et al. Study on influence of hot air sintering on dioxin formation[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2011,36(1):47.)
[33]
柳晓琳,杜健敏,黄炎俊,等. 声波耦合旋流对转炉一次烟气细颗粒物的去除[J]. 中国冶金,2022,32(7):114.(LIU X L,DU J M,HUANG Y J,et al. Removal of fine particles in converter primary flue gas by acoustic wave coupling swirl process[J]. China Metallurgy,2022,32(7):114.)
[34]
FAN X H,JI Z Y,GAN M,et al. Participating patterns of trace elements in PM2.5formation during iron ore sintering process[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2018,45(3):288.
[35]
张璞,杨雅娟,王珲,等. 焦粉配比对烧结烟气中颗粒物排放的影响[J]. 环境工程,2018,36(11):70.(ZHANG P,YANG Y J,WANG H,et al. Effect of coke powder ratio on particle emission in sintering flue gas[J]. Environmental Engineering,2018,36(11):70.)
[36]
YU Z Y,FAN X H,GAN M,et al. Reaction behavior of SO2 in the sintering process with flue gas recirculation[J]. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association,2016,66(7):687.
[37]
李惠莹,王浩,金保昇. 浅谈烟气循环烧结工艺的发展现状及趋势[J]. 烧结球团,2018,43(1):61.(LI H Y,WANG H,JIN B S,et al. Development status and trend of flue gas recirculation sintering process[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2018,43(1):61.)
[38]
吴宏亮,罗云飞,周江虹,等. 富氧协同烟气循环对烧结矿质量指标和CO排放的影响[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版),2022,53(4):1179.(WU H L,LUO Y F,ZHOU J H,et al. Influence of oxygen enrichment and flue gas circulation on quality index of sinter and CO emissions[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2022,53(4):1179.)
[39]
陈彦广,郭占成,王志. 烧结过程中CO还原NO的模拟研究[J]. 钢铁研究学报,2009,21(1):6.(CHEN Y G,GUO Z C,WANG Z. Simulation of NO reduction by CO in sintering process[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2009,21(1):6.)
[40]
GAN M,FAN X H,YU Z Y,et al. A laboratory-based investigation into the catalytic reduction of NOx in iron ore sintering with flue gas recirculation[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2016,43(6):442.
[41]
龙红明,丁龙,赵贺喜,等. 典型钢铁生产流程烟气中CO减排研究进展[J]. 钢铁,2023,58(8):1.(LONG H M,DING L,ZHAO H X,et al. Research progress of CO removal in flue gas of typical steel production process[J]. Iron and Steel,2023,58(8):1.)
[42]
GAN M,FAN X H,LÜ W,et al. Fuel pre-granulation for reducing NOx emissions from the iron ore sintering process[J]. Powder Technology,2016,301:478.
[43]
LI C,LIU G,QIN S,et al. Emission reduction of PCDD/Fs by flue gas recirculation and activated carbon in the iron ore sintering[J]. Environmental Pollution,2023,327.
[44]
熊林,李咸伟,李建. 烟气氧含量对循环烧结的影响研究[J]. 矿冶工程,2015,35(6):109.(XIONG L,LI X W,LI J. Effect of oxygen content in flue gas on cyclic sintering process[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2015,35(6):109.)
[45]
FAN X H,YU Z Y,GAN M,et al. Appropriate technology parameters of iron ore sintering process with flue gas recirculation[J]. ISIJ International,2014,54(11):2541.
[46]
苏步新,张标,邵久刚. 我国烧结烟气循环技术应用现状及分析[J]. 冶金设备,2016, 231(6):55.(SU B X,ZHANG B,SHAO J G. Analysis of domestic sintering flue gas technology and its application[J]. Metallurgical Equipment,2016, 231(6):55.)
[47]
YU Y,ZHENG M,LI X,et al. Operating condition influences on PCDD/Fs emissions from sinter pot tests with hot flue gas recycling[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2012,24(5):875.
[48]
郑绥旭,张志刚,谢朝明. 烧结烟气循环工艺的应用前景[J]. 中国高新技术企业,2013, 252(9):62.(ZHENG S X,ZHANG Z G,XIE C M. Application prospects of sintering flue gas circulation process[J]. China High-Tech Enterprises,2013, 252(9):62.)
[49]
ZHU T,WANG X,LI C,et al. Numerical simulation of CO emission in a sintering pot under flue gas recirculation[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2023,452:139069.
[50]
王兆才,周志安,胡兵,等. 烧结烟气循环风氧平衡模型[J]. 钢铁,2015,50(12):53.(WANG Z C,ZHOU Z A,HU B,et al. Wind-oxygen balance model of flue gas circulation in sintering[J]. Iron and Steel,2015,50(12):53.)
[51]
潘建,朱德庆,崔瑜,等. 铁矿烧结烟气中SO2的排放规律[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(6):1495.(PAN J,ZHU D Q,CUI Y,et al. Emission rule of SO2 in flue gas during sintering[J]. Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology,2011,42(6):1495.)
[52]
张硕,郝晓倩,伯飞虎. 烧结过程中氮氧化物排放的研究[J]. 钢铁研究,2017,45(6):110.(ZHANG S,HAO X Q,BAI F H. Study on emission of nitrogen oxide in sintering process[J]. Research on Iron and Steel,2017,45(6):110.)
[53]
王锋,张俊,郄俊懋,等. 烧结机风箱中烟气排放规律及分析[J]. 钢铁,2019,54(6):96.(WANG F,ZHANG J,QIE J M,et al. Emission law and analysis of flue gas in sinter wind boxes[J]. Iron and Steel,2019,54(6):96.)
[54]
于恒. 铁矿烧结烟气循环中SO2和NOx过程控制与节能减排的协同优化[D]. 沈阳:东北大学,2016.(YU H. Cooperative Optimization of Flue Gas Recycling in Iron Ore Sintering for Energy Saving and Emissions Reduction with Process Control of SO2 and NOx[D]. Shenyang:Northeastern University,2016.)
[55]
QIAN L,CHUN T,LONG H,et al. Emission reduction research and development of PCDD/Fs in the iron ore sintering[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2018,117:82.
[56]
JI Z,HUANG B,GAN M,et al. Function mechanism of porous bed absorbing hazardous ultra-fined particles during iron ore sintering process[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2020,47(10):1168.
[57]
于恒,王海风,张春霞. 铁矿烧结烟气循环工艺优缺点分析[J]. 烧结球团,2014,39(1):51.(YU H,WANG H F,ZHANG C X. Analysis on advantages and disadvantages of sintering waste gas recirculation process[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2014,39(1):51.)
[58]
刘仕虎,周茂军. 烟气循环烧结工艺综述及其在宝钢应用的探讨[J]. 宝钢技术,2018, 202(6):37.(LIU S H,ZHOU M J. Review of flue gas circulation sintering process and its application in Baosteel[J]. Baosteel Technology,2018, 202(6):37.)
[59]
朱廷钰,李超群,徐文青,等. 烧结烟气选择性循环技术与应用[J]. 河北冶金,2022,(6):65.(ZHU T Y,LI C Q,XUN W Q,et al. Selective circulation technology and application of sintering gas[J]. Hebei Metallurgy,2022,(6):65.)
[60]
张志刚,郑绥旭,丁志伟. 烧结烟气循环技术工业化应用概述[J]. 中国冶金,2016,26(7):54.(ZHANG Z G,ZHENG S X,DING Z W. Overview of industrial application of sintering flue gas recirculation technology[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(7):54.)
[61]
贾秀凤,喻波. 宁钢烧结烟气循环系统的节能减排效果[J]. 烧结球团,2015,40(4):51.(JIA X F,YU B. Energy saving and emission reduction effect of Ningsteel sintering flue gas recirculation system[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2015,40(4):51.)
[62]
钟颖. 烟气循环技术在沙钢烧结系统增产改造中的应用[J]. 矿业工程,2016,14(2):32.(ZHONG Y. The Application of flue gas recirculation technology in capacity increasing revamp of Shagang sintering system[J]. Mining Engineering,2016,14(2):32.)
[63]
陈昭尧,戴玉山. 三钢烧结厂采用烟气循环技术实现全烟气脱硫[J]. 烧结球团,2015,40(1):51.(CHEN Z Y,DAI Y S. Realizing entire flue gas desulphurization with flue gas recirculation technology in the sintering plant of Sanming Steel[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2015,40(1):51.)
[64]
范晓慧,甘敏,季志云,等. 复合气体介质烧结的节能减排技术开发与应用[J]. 钢铁,2020,55(8):62.(FAN X H,GAN M,JI Z Y,et al. Development and application of techniques for energy conservation and emission reduction during sintering process based on multiple-component gases medium[J]. Iron and Steel,2020,55(8):62.)
[65]
LIU C,ZHANG Y Z,ZHAO K,et al. Modified biomass fuel instead of coke for iron ore sintering[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2020,47(2):188.
[66]
GAN M,FAN X H,JIANG T,et al. Fundamental study on iron ore sintering new process of flue gas recirculation together with using biochar as fuel[J]. Journal of Central South University,2014,21(11):4109.
[67]
刘超. 生物质燃料烟气循环烧结污染物控制研究[D]. 沈阳:东北大学,2018.(LIU C. Study on Controlling Pollutants in Flue Gas Cycle Sintering Based on Biomass Fuel[D]. Shenyang:Northeastern University,2018.)
[68]
范晓慧,季志云,甘敏,等. 生物质燃料应用于铁矿烧结的研究[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(5):1747.(FAN X H,JI Z Y,GAN M,et al. Application of biomass fuel in iron ore sintering[J]. Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology,2013,44(5):1747.)
[69]
胡兵,甘敏,王兆才. 预还原烧结技术的研究现状与新技术的开发[J]. 烧结球团,2017,42(6):22.(HU B,GAN M,WANG Z C. Research status of pre-reduction sintering technology and development on the new technology[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2017,42(6):22.)