Abstract：Direct-current (DC) power supply has become the development direction for the melting of silicomanganese in electric arc furnaces. The temperature distribution and heat transfer law of the furnace lining needs to be re-examined and redesigned because of the increase of direct current heating intensity. A three-dimensional unsteady heat transfer model of the furnace lining coupled with the furnace melt pool was established to study the temperature and electromagnetic fields in a DC submerged arc furnace under different applied voltages. The results showed that when the applied voltage increased from 100 V to 300 V, the maximum temperature increased by 150% in the arc zone. The temperature difference between the bottom electrode center and the furnace wall increased quadratic linearly with the increase of applied voltage, and the fitting curve was TGH=0.004 29U2-1.162 29U+135.2. The temperature difference between the center of bottom electrode and the outer wall of furnace lining increased quadratic linearly with the increase of applied voltage, and the fitting curve was TGI=0.005 63U2-1.369 43U+1 188.4. Therefore, while improving the smelting efficiency, the loss of bottom electrode caused by high temperature and the influence of large temperature difference on the bearing capacity of the lining material should be considered. With the increase of applied voltage, the temperature difference in the furnace was too large, which will cause uneven heating of carbon bricks. When the applied voltage was 200-250 V, it was closest to the optimal index of actual smelting.
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